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1 αίρειν
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2 αἴρειν
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3 αιρείν
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4 αἱρεῖν
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5 πούς
πούς, ὁ, ποδός, ποδί, πόδα (not ποῦν, Thom.Mag.p.257 R.): dat.pl. ποσί, [dialect] Ep.and Lyr. ποσσί (also Cratin.100(lyr.)), πόδεσσι, onceA (lyr.): gen.and dat. dual ποδοῖν, [dialect] Ep.ποδοῖιν Il.18.537
:—[dialect] Dor. nom. [full] πός (cf. ἀρτίπος, πούλυπος, etc.) Lyr.Adesp.72, but [full] πούς Tab.Heracl.2.34 (perh. Hellenistic); [full] πῶς· πός, ὑπὸ Δωριέων, Hsch. (fort. [full] πός· πούς, ὑ.Δ.); [dialect] Lacon. [full] πόρ, Id. (on the accent v. Hdn.Gr.2.921, A.D. Adv.134.24):—foot, both of men and beasts, Il.7.212, 8.339 (both pl.), etc.; in pl., also, a bird's talons, Od.15.526; arms or feelers of a polypus, Hes.Op. 524: properly the foot from the ankle down wards, Il.17.386;ταρσὸς ποδός 11.377
, 388; ξύλινος π., of an artificial foot, Hdt.9.37: but also of the leg with the foot, as χείρ for the arm and hand, Il.23.772, Od.4.149, Luc.Alex.59.2 foot as that with which one runs,πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς Il.1.215
, al.; or walks, ; freq. with reference to swiftness,περιγιγνόμεθ' ἄλλων πύξ τε.. ἠδὲ πόδεσσιν Od.8.103
; ποσὶν ἐρίζειν to race on foot, Il.13.325, cf. 23.792;πόδεσσι πάντας ἐνίκα 20.410
, cf. Od.13.261;ἀέθλια ποσσὶν ἄροντο Il.9.124
, etc.; ποδῶν τιμά, αἴγλα, ἀρετά, ὁρμά, Pi.O.12.15, 13.36, P.10.23, B.9.20;ἅμιλλαν ἐπόνει ποδοῖν E.IA 213
(lyr.): the dat. ποσί ([etym.] ποσσί, πόδεσσι) is added to many Verbs denoting motion, π. βήσετο, παρέδραμον, Il.8.389, 23.636; π. θέειν, πηδᾶν, σκαίρειν, πλίσσεσθαι, ib. 622,21.269, 18.572, Od.6.318;ὀρχεῖσθαι Hes.Th.3
;ἔρχεσθαι Od.6.39
; ;νέρθε δὲ ποσσὶν ἤϊε μακρὰ βιβάς Il.7.212
; also emphatically with Verbs denoting to trample or tread upon,πόσσι καταστείβοισι Sapph.94
;ἐπεμβῆναι ποδί S.El. 456
; πόδα βαίνειν, v. βαίνω A.11.4; πόδα τιθέναι to journey, Ar.Th. 1100: metaph., νόστιμον ναῦς ἐκίνησεν πόδα started on its homeward way, E.Hec. 940 (lyr.); νεῶν λῦσαι ποθοῦσιν οἴκαδ'.. πόδα ib. 1020; χειρῶν ἔκβαλλον ὀρείους πόδας ναός, i. e. oars, Tim.Pers. 102; φωνὴ τῶν π. τοῦ ὑετοῦ sound of the pattering of rain, LXX 3 Ki. 18.41.3 as a point of measurement, ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς from head to foot, Il.18.353;ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἐς πόδας ἄκρους 16.640
; and reversely,ἐκ ποδῶν δ' ἄνω.. εἰς ἄκρον κάρα A.Fr. 169
; ; alsoἐκ τριχὸς ἄχρι ποδῶν AP5.193
(Posidipp. or Asclep.); ἐς κορυφὰν ἐκ ποδός ib.7.388 ([place name] Bianor).4 πρόσθε ποδός or ποδῶν, προπάροιθε ποδῶν, just before one, Il.23.877,21.601, 13.205;τὸ πρὸ ποδὸς.. χρῆμα Pi.I.8(7).13
;αὐτὰ τὰ πρὸ τῶν ποδῶν ὁρᾶν X.Lac.3.4
, cf.An.4.6.12, Pl.R. 432d.b παρά or πὰρ ποδός off-hand, at once,ἀνελέσθαι πὰρ ποδός Thgn.282
;γνόντα τὸ πὰρ ποδός Pi.P.3.60
, cf.10.62; close at hand,Id.
O.1.74; but παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε θυμός sank to their feet, Il.15.280; in a moment,S.
Ph. 838 (lyr.), Pl.Sph. 242a; close behind, Νέμεσις δέ γε πὰρ πόδας (leg. πόδα) βαίνει Prov. ap. Suid.; also immediately afterwardsPlb.
1.35.3,5.26.13, Gal.5.272;παρὰ π. οἱ ἔλεγχοι Luc.Hist. Conscr.13
, cf. Aristid.2.115 J.; at his very feet,Pl.
Tht. 174a; περὶ τῶν παρὰ πόδας καὶ τῶν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ib.c;τὸ πλησίον καὶ παρὰ π. Luc.Cal.1
.c ἐν ποσί in one's way, close at hand,τὸν ἐν π. γινόμενον Hdt.3.79
, cf. Pi.P.8.32;τἀν ποσὶν κακά S.Ant. 1327
, cf. E.Andr. 397;τοὐν ποσὶν κακόν Id.Alc. 739
;τὴν ἐν ποσὶ [κώμην] αἱρεῖν Th.3.97
; everyday matters,Pl.
Tht. 175b, cf.Arist.Pol. 1263a18, etc.d τὸ πρὸς ποσί, = τὸ ἐν ποσί, S.OT 130.e all these phrases are opp. ἐκ ποδῶν out of the way, far off, writtenἐκποδών Hdt.6.35
, etc.; also,βίαια πάντ' ἐκ ποδὸς ἐρύσαις Pi.N.7.67
.5 to denote close pursuit, ἐκ ποδὸς ἕπεσθαι follow in the track, i.e. close behind, Plb.3.68.1, cf. D.S.20.57, D.H.2.33, etc.;ἐκ ποδῶν διώξαντες Plu.Pel.11
.b in earlier writers κατὰ πόδας on the heels of a person, Hdt.5.98, Th.3.98, 8.17, X.HG2.1.20, LXXGe.49.19 (also on the moment,Pl.
Sph. 243d); ἡ κατὰ πόδας ἡμέρα the very next day, Plb.1.12.1 (but κατὰ πόδας αἱρεῖν catch it running, X.Cyr.1.6.40, cf. Mem.2.6.9): c. gen. pers., κατὰ πόδας τινὸς ἐλαύνειν, ἰέναι, march, come close at his heels, on his track, Hdt.9.89, Th.5.64; τῇ κατὰ π. ἡμέρᾳ τῆς ἐκκλησίας on the day immediately after it, Plb.3.45.5;κατὰ π. τῆς μάχης Aristid. 1.157J.
, etc.6 various phrases:b ἐπὶ πόδα backwards facing the enemy, ἐπὶ π. ἀναχωρεῖν, ἀνάγειν, ἀναχάζεσθαι, to retire without turning to fly, leisurely, X.An. 5.2.32, Cyr.3.3.69, 7.1.34, etc.; alsoἐπὶ πόδας Luc.Pisc.12
; but γίνεται ἡ ἔξοδος οἷον ἐπὶ πόδας the offspring is as it were born feetforemost, Arist.GA 752b14.c περὶ πόδα, properly of a shoe, round the foot, i.e. fitting exactly,ὡς ἔστι μοι τὸ χρῆμα τοῦτο περὶ πόδα Pl.Com.197
, cf. 129: c. dat.,ὁρᾷς ὡς ἐμμελὴς ἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ περὶ πόδα τῇ ἱστορίᾳ Luc.Hist.Conscr.14
, cf. Ind.10, Pseudol.23.d ὡς ποδῶνἔχει as he is off for feet, i. e. as quick as he can,ὡς ποδῶν εἶχον [τάχιστα] ἐβοήθεον Hdt.6.116
;ἐδίωκον ὡς ποδῶν ἕκαστος εἶχον Id.9.59
;φευκτέον ὡς ἔχει ποδῶν ἕκαστος Pl.Grg. 507d
; so, (lyr.).e ἔξω τινὸς πόδα ἔχειν keep one's foot out of a thing, i. e. be clear of it,ἔξω κομίζων πηλοῦ πόδα Id.Ch. 697
;πημάτων ἔξω πόδα ἔχει Id.Pr. 265
;ἐκτὸς κλαυμάτων S.Ph. 1260
;ἔξω πραγμάτων E.Heracl. 109
: without a gen., ἐκτὸς ἔχειν πόδα Pi.P.4.289: opp.εἰς ἄντλον ἐμβήσῃ πόδα E.Heracl. 168
;ἐν τούτῳ πεδίλῳ.. πόδ' ἔχων Pi.O.6.8
.f ἀμφοῖν ποδοῖν, etc., to denote energetic action, Ar.Av.35, cf. Il.13.78;συνέχευε ποσὶν καὶ χερσὶν 15.364
; ;τιμωρήσειν χειρὶ καὶ ποδὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνάμει Aeschin.2.115
, cf.3.109; τερπωλῆς ἐπέβημεν ὅλῳ ποδί with all the foot, i.e. entirely, A.R.4.1166, cf.D.Chr.13.19 (prob.);καταφεύγειν ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ὥσπερ ἐκ δυοῖν ποδοῖν Aristid.1.117J.
; opp. ; .g τὴν ὑπὸ πόδα [κατάστασιν] just below them, Plb.2.68.9; ὑπὸ πόδας τίθεσθαι trample under foot, scorn, Plu.2.1097c; οἱ ὑπὸ πόδα those next below them (in rank), Onos.25.2; ὑπὸ πόδα χωρεῖν recede, decline, of strength, Ath. [voice] Med. ap.Orib. inc.21.16.k ἁλιεῖς ἀπὸ ποδός prob. fishermen who fish from the land, not from boats, BGU221.5 (i1/iii A. D.); ποτίσαι ἀπὸ ποδός perh. irrigate by the feet (of oxen turning the irrigation-wheel), PRyl.157.21 (ii A. D.); τόπον.. ἀπὸ ποδὸς ἐξηρτισμένον dub. sens. in POsl.55.11 (ii/iii A. D.).1ἀγγεῖον.. τρήματα ἐκ τῶν ὑπὸ ποδὸς ἔχον
round the bottom,Dsc.
2.72.7 πούς τινος, as periphr. for a person as coming, etc., σὺν πατρὸς μολὼν ποδί, i.e. σὺν πατρί, E.Hipp. 661;παρθένου δέχου πόδα Id.Or. 1217
, cf. Hec. 977, HF 336;χρόνου πόδα Id.Ba. 889
(lyr.), Ar.Ra. 100; also ἐξ ἑνὸς ποδός, i.e. μόνος ὤν, S.Ph.91; οἱ δ' ἀφ' ἡσύχου π., i.e. οἱ ἡσύχως ζῶντες, E.Med. 217.II metaph., of things, foot, lowest part, esp. foot of a hill, Il.2.824, 20.59 (pl.), Pi.P.11.36, etc.; of a table, couch, etc., Ar.Fr. 530, X.Cyr.8.8.16, etc.; cf. πέζα; of the side strokes at the foot of the letter Ω, Callias ap.Ath.10.454a; = ποδεών 11.1,ἀσκοῦ.. λῦσαι π. E.Med. 679
.2 in a ship, πόδες are the two lower corners of the sail, or the ropes fastened therelo, by which the sails are tightened or slackened, sheets (cf.ποδεών 11.4
), Od.5.260; χαλᾶν πόδα ease off the sheet, as is done when a squall is coming, E.Or. 707; τοῦ ποδὸς παρίει let go hold of it, Ar.Eq. 436;ἐκδοῦναι ὀλίγον τοῦ ποδός Luc.Cont.3
; ἐκπετάσουσι πόδα ναός (with reference to the sail), E.IT 1135 (lyr.): opp. τεῖναι πόδα haul it tight, S.Ant. 715; ναῦς ἐνταθεῖσα ποδί a ship with her sheet close hauled, E.Or. 706;κὰδ' δ'.. λαῖφος ἐρυσσάμενοι τανύοντο ἐς πόδας ἀμφοτέρους A.R.2.932
;ἱστία.. ἐτάνυσσαν ὑπ' ἀμφοτέροισι πόδεσσι Q.S.9.438
.b perh. of the rudder or steering-paddle,αἰεὶ γὰρ πόδα νηὸς ἐνώμων Od.10.32
(cf. Sch.ad loc.);πὰρ ποδὶ ναός Pi.N.6.55
.III a foot, as a measure of length, = 4 palms ([etym.] παλασταί ) or 6 fingers, Hdt.2.149, Pl.Men. 82c, etc.IV foot in Prosody, Ar.Ra. 1323 (lyr.), Pl.R. 400a, Aristox. Harm.p.34 M., Heph.3.1, etc.; so of a metrical phrase or passage,ἔκμετρα καὶ ὑπὲρ τὸν π. Luc.Pr.Im.18
; of a long passage declaimed in one breath, , cf. Luc.Demon.65, Poll.4.91.V boundary stone, Is.Fr.27. (Cf. Lat. pes, Goth. fotus, etc. 'foot'; related to πέδον as noted by Arist. IA 706a33.) -
6 χείρ
χείρ, ἡ, χειρός, χειρί, χεῖρα, dual χεῖρε, χεροῖν, pl. χεῖρες, χερῶν, χεῖρας, penult. being regularly short, when the ult. is long; dat. pl. regularly χερσί ( χειρσί occurs in cod.Vat. of LXX, as Jd.7.19, 1 Ch.5.10, and late Inscrr. as CIG2811A b.10 ([place name] Aphrodisias), 2942c ([place name] Tralles): but Poets used the penult. long or short in all cases, as the verse required, χερός, χερί, χέρα, χέρε, χέρες, χέρας (of which Hom. uses onlyχερί; χέρα h.Pan.40
); gen. dual (lyr.), 1394 (lyr.), IG22.1498.76; gen. pl. χειρῶν ib.31, common in Prose.—Poet. forms, dat. pl. χείρεσι ([etym.] ν ) once in Hom., Il.20.468, also Q.S.2.401, 5.469 (v.l.);χείρεσσι Il.12.382
, Pi.O.10(11).62, S.Ant. 976 (lyr.), 1297 (lyr.), and once in trim., E.Alc. 756; χέρεσσι ([etym.] ν) Hes.Th. 519, 747, B.17.49; ([place name] Galatia):—[dialect] Dor. nom. [full] χέρς Timocr.9; [full] χήρ Sophr. in PSI11.1214a3 (also, = δίψακος, Ps.-Dsc.3.11); gen.χηρός Alcm.32
, IG42(1).121.22 (Epid., iv B. C.); acc. pl. χῆρας ib.96, [dialect] Aeol.χέρρας Alc.Supp.4.21
, Theoc.28.9.—On the accent and declension of these forms, v. Hdn.Gr.2.277, 748:— the hand, whether closed,παχεῖα Il.3.376
;βαρεῖα 11.235
, al.; or open, flat, χερσὶ καταπρηνέσσι, χειρὶ καταπρηνεῖ, 15.114, Od.13.164, al.;εἰς τὴν χ. ἐγχεάμενοί τι X.Cyr.1.3.9
: freq. in pl. where a single hand is meant, Il.23.384, etc.; reversely, sg. where more than one hand is spoken of, e.g. Od.3.37, etc.; dual joined with pl.,ἄμφω χεῖρας 8.135
;χεῖρε ἀμφοτέρας Il.21.115
.2 hand and arm, arm (cf. Ruf.Onom.11,82, Gal.2.347),πῆχυν χειρὸς δεξιτερῆς Il.21.166
; ;χεῖρες ἀπ' ὤμων ἀΐσσοντο Hes.Th. 150
;χ. εἰς ὤμους γυμναί Longus 1.4
; ἐν χερσὶ γυναικῶν πεσέειν into the arms, Il.6.81, etc.: hence, words are added to denote the hand as distinct from the arm,ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα 5.336
;περὶ ἄκραις ταῖς χ. χειρῖδας ἔχουσι X.Cyr.8.8.17
, cf. Pl. Prt. 352a.3 of the hand or paw of animals,ὅσα [ζῷα] χεῖρας ἔχει X.Mem.1.4.14
; πορεύεσθαι ἐπὶ χειρῶν go on all fours. LXX Le.11.27; so of monkeys, Arist.HA 502b3; of the fore-paws of the hyena, Id.Fr. 369; of the bear, Plu.2.919a.II Special usages:1 to denote position, ποτέρας τῆς χερός; on which hand? E.Cyc. 681;ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός Pi.P.6.19
;ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρός Od.5.277
;χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δεξιά S.Fr. 598
;λαιᾶς χειρός A.Pr. 714
(but χείρ is often omitted with δεξιά, ἀριστερά, as we say the right, the left).2 freq. in dat. of all numbers with Verbs which imply the use of hands, λάβε χειρί, χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι, Il.5.302, 10.501;χερσὶν ἀσπάζεσθαι Od.3.35
;προκαλίζεσθαι 18.20
; χειρί, χεροῖν ψαῦσαι, S.OT 1510, 1466: sts. this dat. is added pleon. by way of emphasis,ὄνυξι συλλαβὼν χερί Id.Aj. 310
.3 gen., by the hand,χειρὸς ἔχειν τινά Il.4.154
;χειρὸς ἑλών 1.323
, etc.; γέροντα δὲ χειρὸς ἀνίστη he raised him by the hand, 24.515, cf. Od.14.319;χερὶ χειρὸς ἑλών Pi.P.9.122
;τινὰ χειρός ἑλκειν Id.N.11.32
;ἀνέλκειν τινὰ τῆς χ. Ar.V. 569
(anap.).4 the acc. is used when one takes the hand of a person,χεῖρα γέροντος ἑλών Il. 24.361
;χεῖρ' ἕλε δεξιτερήν Od.1.121
; χεῖράς τ' ἀλλήλων λαβέτην, in pledge of good faith, Il.6.233; soἔμβαλλε χ. δεξιὰν πρώτιστά μοι S.Tr. 1181
; alsoἔμβαλλε χειρὸς πίστιν Id.Ph. 813
, cf. OC 1632.5 other uses of the acc.:a in prayer or entreaty, χεῖρας ἀνασχεῖν [θεοῖς] Il.3.275, etc.;ποτὶ γούνασι χεῖρας βάλλειν Od.6.310
;ἀμφὶ.. Ἀρήτης βάλε γούνασι χεῖρας Ὀδυσσεύς 7.142
; ;ἀμφί τινι χεῖρε β. 21.223
;περίβαλε δὲ χέρας Ar.Th. 914
, cf. A.Ag. 1559 (anap.);χεῖρας προΐσχεσθαι Th.3.58
, 66; so alsoχεῖρας ἀείρων Od.11.423
, cf. Il.7.130 (tm.); χ. ἀνατείνειν (v.ἀνατείνω 1.1
).b τὰς χεῖρας αἴρειν to hold up hands in token of assent or choice, of persons voting, Ar.Ec. 264;τὴν χ. αἴρειν And.3.41
;ὅτῳ δοκεῖ ταῦτα, ἀράτω τὴν χ. X.An.5.6.33
, cf. 7.3.6; ἀνατεινάτω τὴν χ. ib.3.2.9, 33;χεῖρας ὀρεγνύς Il.22.37
;χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐρανόν 15.371
;χεῖρας ὀ. τινί Od.12.257
;πρός τινα Pi. P.4.240
;ποτὶ στόμα χεῖρ' ὀρέγεσθαι Il.24.506
(but χεῖρά τισι ὀ. to reach them one's hand in help, X.HG5.2.17); alsoχεῖρε ἑτάροισι πετάσσας Il.4.523
, etc.;πιτνὰς εἰς ἐμὲ χεῖρας Od.11.392
(but χεῖρε πετάσσας abs., of one swimming, etc., 5.374, al.).I as a protector, Il.9.420, etc.: less freq. τισι, 4.249, cf. 5.433;χεῖρά θ' ὕπερθεν ἔχεις IG14.1003.10
([place name] Rome).d in hostile sense, χεῖρας or χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί, Il.1.89, 19.261, al.;χεῖρας ἐφιέναι τινί 1.567
, Od.1.254, al.;χεῖρας ἐπιβάλλειν τισί Plb.3.2.8
, etc.;χέρα τινὶ προσενεγκεῖν Pi.P.9.36
; χεῖρας ἐπί τινι ἰάλλειν, v. ἰάλλω 1.1.e χεῖρας ἀπέχειν keep hands off,λοιμοῖο βαρείας χεῖρας ἀφέξει Il.1.97
codd.;κερτομίας δέ τοι.. καὶ χεῖρας ἀφέξω.. μνηστήρων Od.20.263
;ἀθανάτων ἀπέχειν χέρας A.Eu. 350
(lyr.);τὼ χεῖρε ἀπέχεται Pl.Smp. 213d
;παύειν χεῖράς τινος Il.21.294
.f χεῖρας ἐπιτιθέναι τινί, in token of consecration, 1 Ep.Ti.5.22, etc.6 with Preps.:a ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν τινάς to be intimate with.., Plb.21.6.5;αἱ ἀνὰ χεῖρά τινων ὁμιλίαι S.E.M.1.64
; τὰ ἀνὰ χεῖρα πράγματα the matters in hand, Plu.2.614b, etc. (also οἱ ἀνὰ χ. χρόνοι the current period, PRyl.88.21 (ii A. D.); τὰ ἀνὰ χ. what comes his way, Ps.-Ptol.Centil.18; ἀνὰ χ. τῆς πύλης hard by.., LXX 2 Ki.15.2.b ἀπὸ χειρὸς λογίσασθαι to reckon off-hand, roughly, Ar.V. 656 (anap.), cf. Luc.Hist.Conscr.29: but πότισον τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ χειρός by hand, PCair.Zen.155 (iii B. C.).c διὰ χερῶν ἔχειν, λαβεῖν, literally, to have or take between the hands, A.Supp. 193, S.Ant. 916; διὰ χειρὸς ἔχειν to hold in the hand, ib. 1258 (anap.), Ar.V. 597 (anap.); to have in hand, i. e. under control, Th.2.76;διὰ χειρῶν ἔχειν τὴν πολιτείαν Arist.Pol. 1308a27
; τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων keep under control, Th.2.13: later, to have a work in hand, be engaged in it, Phld.Acad.Ind.p.69M. ([etym.] χερός), D.H.Isoc.4;τὰ ὅπλα Plu.Cor.2
, etc. (also διὰ χ. by direct payment, opp. διὰ τῆς τραπέζης by banker's order, BGU1156.8 (i B. C.), etc.; cf.διὰ χ. ἔσπευδε τὴν πρᾶσιν Charito 1.12
); of arms,διὰ χειρὸς εἶναι Luc.Anach.35
; διὰ χ. ἔχειν, c. part., to be continually doing, Plu.2.767c;διὰ χειρός τινος ποιεῖν τι LXXJo.17.4
, al., cf. Act.Ap.7.25, al.d ἐς χεῖρας λαβεῖν τι literally, S.El. 1120, etc.; to take a matter in hand, undertake it,πρᾶγμ' ἐς χέρας λαβόντ' E.Hec. 1242
;ἄγεσθαί τι ἐς χεῖρας Hdt.1.126
, 4.79, etc.; δοῦναί τινι ἐς χέρας, εἰς χεῖρα, S.El. 1348, X.Cyr.8.8.22;καταστῆσαι εἰς τὰς χ. τινος Aeschin.2.28
; of persons, ἵκεο χεῖρας ἐς ἁμάς thou hast fallen into our hands, Il.10.448 (in Hom. also simplyὅ τι χεῖρας ἵκοιτο Od.12.331
, cf. 24.172); soεἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι X.Cyr.7.4.10
, cf. 2.4.15: generally, to have to do with any one, converse with him, Id.An.1.2.26 (soἐς χεῖρα γῇ ξυνῆψαν E.Heracl. 429
): most freq. ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τισι to come to blows or close quarters with.., A.Th. 680;ἀλλήλοις Th.7.44
: abs.,εἰς χ. ἐλθεῖν Id.4.96
;ἐς χ. ἰέναι Id.2.3
, 4.72, cf. PTeb.765.6 (ii B. C.);συνιέναι X.Cyr.8.8.22
; also ἐς χειρῶν νόμον (fort. νομόν)ἀπικέσθαι Hdt.9.48
; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ (fort. νομῷ)ἀπόλλυσθαι Id.8.89
, cf. Aeschin.1.5, SIG167.37 (Mylasa, iv B. C.), Heraclid.Pol.25, Plb.1.34.5, 5.111.6; [full] ἐν χειρὸς νόμῳ Arist.Pol. 1285a10, D.H.6.26;ἐν χειρῶν νομαῖς SIG700.29
(Lete, ii B.C.), v. l. in LXX 3 Ma.1.5; ἐν χεροῖν δίκῃ cj. in E.Ba.738;εἰς χεῖρας συμμεῖξαι τοῖς πολεμίοις X.Cyr.2.1.11
; also εἰς χεῖρας δέχεσθαί τινας to await their charge, Id.An.4.3.31;ἐς χ. ὑπομεῖναί τινας Th. 5.72
.e ἐκ χειρός by hand of man, S.Aj.27: from near at hand, at close range,ἐκ χειρὸς βάλλειν X.An.3.3.15
; ἀμύνασθαι ib.5.4.25;μάχεσθαι Id.HG7.2.14
, cf. D.S.19.6;πληγὰς ἐκ χ. ἀναδέξασθαι Plu.
tim.4;οὐ μὴ σωθῇ ἐκ χ. σιδήρου LXX Jb.20.24
; ἡ ἐκ χ. δίκη lynch law, D.H.4.37;ἡ ἐκ χ. βία Plb.9.4.6
: metaph., ἡ ἐκ χ. θεωρία closerange reading, D.H.Isoc.2; so of time, out of hand, off-hand, forthwith, Plb.5.41.7, al.fδέπας μητρὶ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει Il.1.585
, cf. Od.13.57, 15.120, al. (always so of a cup, hence ἐν χερσὶ τίθει δέπας, though found in most codd., was condemned by the critics in Il.l.c., Od.3.51, 15.130);πρεσβήϊον ἐν χερὶ θήσω Il.8.289
; τόξον, ἔγχος ἔχων ἐν χειρί, 15.443, 17.604;σκῆπτρον δέ οἱ ἔμβαλε χειρί Od.2.37
; butἐν.. χειρὶ σκῆπτρον ἔθηκεν Il.23.568
; of a gift,ἐν χερσὶ τίθει 1.441
, 446; ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχειν, literally, Pl.R. 432d;τὰ ὅπλ' ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχων D.9.8
, etc. (metaph.,ἔτι μεμνημένων ὑμῶν καὶ μόνον οὐκ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ἕκαστ' ἐχόντων Id.18.226
); but ἐν χερσὶν ἔχειν also, to have in hand, be engaged in,τὸν γάμον Hdt.1.35
;ἑορτήν Plu.Alex.13
;τὴν περὶ Δημοσθένους πραγματείαν D.H.Th.1
;ἐν χειρί τινα δίκην ἔχων Pl.Tht. 172e
; ὁ ἐν χερσὶ πόλεμος the war in hand, D.H.8.87; περιτειχισμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ὤν ib.21;ἡ ἐν χ. ζήτησις S.E.M.11.208
, etc.; freq. of fighting, ἐν χερσί hand to hand,ἐν χ. ἦν ἡ μάχη Th.4.43
;ἐν χ. ἀποκτεῖναι Id.3.66
, cf. 4.57,96, etc.;ἐν χ. γίγνεσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις Id.5.72
;ἐν χ. εἶναί τινος X.HG4.6.11
;δίκη ἐν χερσί Hes.Op. 192
;ὁ ψόφος τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῶν ἵππων ὁ φρυαγμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ἐδόκει εἶναι D.S.19.31
; ἡ ἐν χερσὶν [δυστυχία] Plu.Cleom.22: also in dual,τἀν χεροῖν S.Ant. 1345
(lyr.); ἐν χειρί τινος by the hand of.., LXX Jo.21.2, al.;ἐν χ. ἀγγέλου Act.Ap.7.35
(v.l.).g ἐπὶ χειρὸς ἔχειν on or in one's hand, Thgn.490; ἐπὶ χεῖράς τινων ἐκφέρουσι put into their hands, Plu.2.815b; also ἐπὶ χεῖρά τινος next to, LXXNe.3.4.h κατὰ χειρός, of washing the hands before meals, ὕδωρ κατὰ χειρός (sc. φερέτω τις), Ar.V. 1216, cf.Av. 464 (anap.), Fr. 502 (lyr.), Philox. 1, Ath.9.408e; (without ὕδωρ)κατὰ χ. ἐδόθη Alex.261.2
, cf. Arched. 2.3: prov. of that which is easily come by, Telecl.1.2 (anap.);πάντα μοι κατὰ χ. ἦν τὰ πράγματα
at hand,Pherecr.
146.5; also κατὰ χειρῶν δοῦναι, χέειν, λαβεῖν, Philyll.3, Antiph.287 (v.l.), Men.470 (troch.), cf. Phot.s.v. κατὰ χειρὸς ὕδωρ: κατὰ χεῖρα in deed or act,κατὰ χ. γενναιότατοι D.H.7.6
; opp. συνέσει, Plu.Phil.7; κατὰ χεῖρά σου according to thy will, LXX Si.25.26: but κατὰ χεῖρας [τῆς σοφίας] by her side, ib.14.25.i μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχειν between, i.e. in, the hands, Il.11.4, 15.717; [ἄλεισον] μετὰ χ. ἐνώμα Od.22.10
: μετὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν to have in hand, be engaged in, Hdt.7.16.β, Th.1.138.k λάβε παρὰ χεῖρα take in hand, LXX To. 11.4; but τὸ πὰρ χειρός the work in hand, B.13.10.m πρὸς χειρός τινος by his hand, A.Supp.66 (lyr.), etc.; πρὸς ἐμὴν χεῖρα at the signs given by my hand, S.Ph. 148 (anap.); πρὸς χεῖρα ὑποβορβορύζοντες on pressure, Hp.Epid.4.7.n ὑπὸ χερσὶ ἁλοῦσα under, i.e. by, another's hands, Il.2.374, etc.; ὑπὸ χεῖρα ποιεῖσθαι to bring under one's power, X.Ages.1.22; οἱ ὑπὸ χ. persons in one's power, D.6.34; ὑπὸ τὴν χ. ἐλθεῖν to come into one's hand, Luc.Herm.57, etc.; ὑπὸ χ. in hand, i.e. in stock, Arist.Mete. 369b33; but also, at hand, i.e. at once, Plu.2.548e; τὰ ὑπὸ χ. ib.56b, Dsc.1.35; ὁ ὑπὸ χ. the attendant, Dsc.5.75;παρέργως καὶ ὑπὸ χ.
extempore,Plu.
Arat.3, etc.; also καθύπο χεῖρα κινῶν [τὰς οὐσίας], in Alchemy, Ps.-Democr. p.51 B.III the hand often receives the attributes of the person using it, χ. μεγάλη, of Zeus, Il.15.695 (χ. παγκρατής, of God, Secund.Sent.3; χ. ὑπερμήκης, of the 'long arm' of the king, Hdt.8.140.β') ; θοὴ χ., of one throwing, Il.12.306;ἀφνειά Pi.O.7.1
, cf. S.El. 458; εὐσεβεστέρα, εὐφιλής, A.Ch. 141, Ag.34; κάρβανος ib. 1061; (anap.); , etc.: to denote wealth or poverty,πλειοτέρῃ σὺν χ. Od.11.359
;κενεὰς σὺν χ. ἔχοντες 10.42
, cf. E.Hel. 1280, etc.2 it is represented as acting of itself,χεῖρες μαιμῶσιν Il.13.77
, cf. S.Aj.50;χεὶρ ὁρᾷ τὸ δράσιμον A.Th. 554
;δήμου κρατοῦσα χ. Id.Supp. 604
(dub. l.): prov.,ἁ δὲ χ. τὰν χ. νίζει Epich.273
; or simply,ἁ χ. τὰν χ. AP5.207
(Mel.).3 pl., in theurgy, name for spiritual powers,αἱ δημιουργικαὶ [τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος] δυνάμεις ἃς θεουργῶν παῖδες χεῖρας ἀποκαλοῦσιν Procl. in Cra. p.101
P., cf. eund. in R.2.252K.IV to denote act or deed, opp. mere words, in pl.,ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77
; μνῆμ' Ἑλένης χειρῶν of her handiwork, her art, Od.15.126 (so in sg.,δώρημ' ἐκείνῳ τἀνδρὶ τῆς ἐμῆς χ. S.Tr. 603
);χερσὶν ἢ λόγῳ Id.OT 883
(lyr.), cf. OC 1297, etc.; τῇ χειρὶ χρᾶσθαι to use one's hands, i.c. be active, stirring, opp. ἀργὸς ἐπεστάναι, Hdt.3.78, cf. 9.72; τὰς χ. προσφέρειν to apply force, X.Mem.2.6.31: sg.,βούλευμα μὲν τὸ Δῖον, Ἡφαίστου δὲ χείρ A.Pr. 619
; μιᾷ χειρί single-handed, D.21.219;χειρὶ καὶ ποδὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνάμει Aeschin.3.109
, cf. 2.115;χερσίν τε ποσίν τε Il.20.360
, cf. Pi.O.10(11).62, esp. of using the hands in a fight, cf. supr. 11.6d, e, f; of deeds of violence, πρὶν χειρῶν γεύσασθαι before we try force, Od.20.181; ἀδίκων χ. ἄρχειν to give the first blow, X.Cyr.1.5.13, Antipho 4.2.1, Lys.4.11, etc.;ἀμυνόμενος ἄρχοντα χειρῶν Pl.Lg. 869d
: generally, χεῖρες violent measures, force,ἐπίσχετε θυμὸν ἐνιπῆς καὶ χειρῶν Od.20.267
;ὑπόδικος χερῶν A.Eu. 260
(lyr.);χερσὶ πεποιθώς Il.16.624
, etc.; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ v. supr. 11.6d; ὅπως θανάτοιο βαρείας χ. ἀλάλκοι, v.l. for κῆρας, Il.21.548.V a number, band, body of men, esp. of soldiers,χεὶρ μεγάλη Hdt.7.157
; in dat.,οὐ σὺν μεγάλῃ χ. Id.5.72
;πολλῇ χ. 1.174
, Th.3.96, E.Heracl. 337; pleon.,χ. μεγάλῃ πλήθεος Hdt.7.20
; ; οἰκεία χείρ, for χεὶρ οἰκετῶν, E.El. 629;σὺν πλήθει χερῶν S.OT 123
.VI handwriting,τὴν ἑαυτοῦ χεῖρα ἀρνήσασθαι Hyp.Lyc.Fr.5
, cf. IG9(1).189 ([place name] Phocis); τῇ ἐμῇ χ. Παύλου I Ep. Cor.16.21, Ep.Col.4.18: copy, counterpart of a document, SIG712.31 (Crete, ii B.C.); deed, instrument,ἡ χ. ἥδε κυρία ἔστω PRein.28.18
(ii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen. 477 (iii B.C.), etc.b handiwork of an artist or workman,γλαφυρὰ χ. Theoc.Epigr.8.5
, etc.;αἱ Ἐφεσίου χεῖρες Herod.4.72
, cf. 6.66;σοφαὶ χέρες APl.4.262
;τὰς Φειδίου χ. Lib.Or. 30.22
.VII of any implement resembling a hand:1 a kind of gauntlet, X.Eq.12.5, Poll.1.135 (pl.).2 χ. σιδηρᾶ grappling-iron, Th.4.25, 7.62; also of an anchor, AP6.38 (Phil.).4 in LXX, pillar or cairn, as it were a finger pointing to heaven,χεὶρ Ἀβεσσαλώμ LXX 2 Ki.18.18
; also ἀνέστακεν αὐτῷ χεῖρα, i.e. trophy, ib. 1 Ki.15.12.5 χεῖρες ἐλάτιναι, of oars, Tim.Pers.7.7 instrument of torture, LXX 4 Ma.8.13. -
7 διψυχία
διψυχία, ας, ἡ (s. prec. and foll. entries; neither LXX nor NT.—Hesych. διψυχία• ἀπορία) the state or condition of being uncertain about someth. indecision, doubt (in our lit. in sacred matters) Hv 3, 10, 9; m 9:7, 9ff; w. ἀπιστία 2 Cl 19:2; w. μαλακίαι Hv 3, 11, 2; w. ὀξυχολία m 10, 1, 1f; 10, 2, 4. αἴρειν τὴν δ. remove the doubt m 9:1; also αἴρειν τὰς δ. v 2, 2, 4; διὰ τὴν δ. m 10, 2, 2; ἀπὸ τῆς δ. because of doubt v 3, 7, 1. Called the daughter of the devil m 9:9.—ABaumeister, Die Ethik des Pastor Hermae, 1912, 107–10.—Sv. -
8 σύσσημον
σύσσημον, ου, τό (σῆμα; συν-Tdf.; since Menand. [Per. 792 S.=362 Kö], as Phryn. p. 418 Lob. explains in rejecting the word; Diod S, Strabo, Plut., LXX; loanw. in rabb.)① an action or gesture previously agreed upon as a signal, signal, sign (freq. in military context of someth. raised up Aeneas Tact. 223; Diod. Sic. 11, 22, 1; 19, 30, 1; a gilded shield 20, 51, 1; a special piece of headware Strabo 6, 3, 3) ς.=giving of a kiss to a potential victim Mk 14:44.—M-M. TW.② a device used as a means of recognition or rallying point for members of a group, sign, token, standard, banner αἴρειν σύσσημον raise a sign ISm 1:2 (the idiom αἴρειν σύσσημον is freq. used in ref. to military action [s. pass. cited 1 above; s. also Is 5:26, to which Ignatius prob. alludes]. But our pass. focuses on corporate identity; s. Is 49:22). -
9 ἀπό
ἀπό (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. (see the lit. on ἀνά, beg., also for ἀπό: KDieterich, IndogF 24, 1909, 93–158; LfgrE s.v.). Basic sense ‘separation from’ someone or someth., fr. which the other uses have developed. In the NT it has encroached on the domain of Att. ἐκ, ὑπό, παρά, and the gen. of separation; s. Mlt. 102; 246; Mlt-Turner 258f.① a marker to indicate separation from a place, whether person or thing, from, away fromⓐ w. all verbs denoting motion, esp. those compounded w. ἀπό: ἀπάγεσθαι, ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, ἀπελαύνειν, ἀπέρχεσθαι, ἀπολύεσθαι, ἀποπλανᾶσθαι, ἀποστέλλειν, ἀποφεύγειν, ἀποχωρεῖν, ἀποχωρίζεσθαι; but also w. ἀνίστασθαι, διαστῆναι, διέρχεσθαι, ἐκδημεῖν, ἐκκινεῖν, ἐκπλεῖν, ἐκπορεύεσθαι, ἐξέρχεσθαι, ἐξωθεῖν, ἐπιδιδόναι, μεταβαίνειν, μετατίθεσθαι, νοσφίζειν, παραγίνεσθαι, πλανᾶσθαι, πορεύεσθαι, ὑπάγειν, ὑποστρέφειν, φεύγειν; s. the entries in question.ⓑ w. all verbs expressing the idea of separation ἐκβάλλειν τὸ κάρφος ἀ. τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ remove the splinter fr. the eye Mt 7:4 v.l. (for ἐκ). ἐξέβαλον ἀπὸ τῆς πήρας αὐτῶν δῶρα they set forth gifts out of their travel bags GJs 21:3. ἀπολύεσθαι ἀ. ἀνδρός be divorced fr. her husband Lk 16:18, cp. Ac 15:33. ἀποκυλίειν, ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι, ἀποστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι, ἐπανάγειν, αἴρειν, ἀφαιρεῖν, ἀπολέσθαι, μερίζειν et al., s. the pertinent entries. So also κενὸς ἀ. τινος Hs 9, 19, 2. ἔρημος ἀ. τινος (Jer 51:2) 2 Cl 2:3. W. verbs which express the concept of separation in the wider sense, like loose, free, acquit et al. ἀπορφανίζειν, ἀποσπᾶν, διεγείρεσθαι, δικαιοῦν, ἐκδικοῦν, ἐλευθεροῦν, λούειν, λύειν, λυτροῦν, ῥαντίζειν, σαλεύειν, στέλλειν, σῴζειν, φθείρειν, s. the entries; hence also ἀθῷος (Sus 46 Theod. v.l.) Mt 27:24. καθαρὸς ἀ. τινος (Tob 3:14; but s. Dssm. NB 24 [BS 196; 216]) Ac 20:26; cp. Kuhring 54.ⓒ verbs meaning be on guard, be ashamed, etc., take ἀπό to express the occasion or object of their caution, shame, or fear; so αἰσχύνεσθαι, βλέπειν, μετανοεῖν, προσέχειν, φοβεῖσθαι, φυλάσσειν, φυλάσσεσθαι; s. 5 below.ⓓ w. verbs of concealing, hiding, hindering, the pers. from whom someth. is concealed is found w. ἀπό; so κρύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, παρακαλύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, κωλύειν τι ἀπό τινος; s. the entries.ⓔ in pregnant constr. like ἀνάθεμα εἶναι ἀ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ be separated fr. Christ by a curse Ro 9:3. μετανοεῖν ἀ. τ. κακίας (Jer 8:6) Ac 8:22. ἀποθνῄσκειν ἀ. τινος through death become free from Col 2:20. φθείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. ἁπλότητος be ruinously diverted from wholehearted commitment 2 Cor 11:3. Cp. Hs 6, 2, 4.ⓕ as a substitute for the partitive gen. (Hdt. 6, 27, 2; Thu. 7, 87, 6; PPetr III, 11, 20; PIand 8, 6; Kuhring 20; Rossberg 22; Johannessohn, Präp. 17) τίνα ἀ. τῶν δύο; Mt 27:21, cp. Lk 9:38; 19:39 (like PTebt 299, 13; 1 Macc 1:13; 3:24; Sir 6:6; 46:8). τὰ ἀ. τοῦ πλοίου pieces of the ship Ac 27:44. ἐκχεῶ ἀ. τοῦ πνεύματός μου Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f). λαμβάνειν ἀ. τ. καρπῶν get a share of the vintage Mk 12:2 (cp. Just., A I, 65, 5 μεταλαβεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ … ἄρτου).—Of foods (as in Da 1:13, 4:33a; 2 Macc 7:1) ἐσθίειν ἀ. τ. ψιχίων eat some of the crumbs Mt 15:27; Mk 7:28. χορτάζεσθαι ἀ. τινος eat one’s fill of someth. Lk 16:21. αἴρειν ἀ. τῶν ἰχθύων pick up the remnants of the fish Mk 6:43. ἐνέγκατε ἀ. τ. ὀψαρίων bring some of the fish J 21:10 (the only instance of this usage in J; s. M-EBoismard, Le chapitre 21 de Saint Jean: RB 54 [’47] 492).—Of drink (cp. Sir 26:12) πίνειν ἀπὸ τ. γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου drink the product of the vine Lk 22:18.② to indicate the point from which someth. begins, whether lit. or fig.ⓐ of place from, out from (Just., D. 86, 1 ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας ὕδωρ ἀναβλύσαν ‘gushing out of the rock’) σημεῖον ἀ. τ. οὐρανοῦ a sign fr. heaven Mk 8:11. ἀ. πόλεως εἰς πόλιν from one city to another Mt 23:34. ἀπʼ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕως ἄκρων αὐτῶν (Dt 30:4; Ps 18:7) from one end of heaven to the other 24:31, cp. Mk 13:27. ἀπʼ ἄνωθεν ἕως κάτω from top to bottom Mt 27:51. ἀρξάμενοι ἀ. Ἰερουσαλήμ beginning in Jerusalem Lk 24:47 (s. also Lk 23:5; Ac 1:22; 10:37). ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἐξήχηται ὁ λόγος τ. κυρίου the word of the Lord has gone out from you and sounded forth 1 Th 1:8. ἀπὸ βορρᾶ, ἀπὸ νότου in the north, in the south (PCairGoodsp 6, 5 [129 B.C.] ἐν τῷ ἀπὸ νότου πεδίῳ; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 11A col. 1, 12f [123 B.C.] τὸ ἀπὸ νότου τῆς πόλεως χῶμα; ln. 7 ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τῆς πόλεως; 70, 16 al.; Josh 18:5; 19:34; 1 Km 14:5) Rv 21:13.ⓑ of time from … (on), since (POxy 523, 4; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8; s. Kuhring 54ff).α. ἀ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ἰωάννου from the days of John Mt 11:12. ἀ. τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης 9:22. ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τ. ἡμέρας (Jos., Bell. 4, 318, Ant. 7, 382) Mt 22:46; J 11:53. ἔτη ἑπτὰ ἀ. τῆς παρθενίας αὐτῆς for seven years fr. the time she was a virgin Lk 2:36. ἀ. ἐτῶν δώδεκα for 12 years 8:43. ἀ. τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός Ac 23:23. ἀ. κτίσεως κόσμου Ro 1:20. ἀ. πέρυσι since last year, a year ago 2 Cor 8:10; 9:2.—ἀπʼ αἰῶνος, ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἀπʼ ἄρτι (also ἀπαρτί and ἄρτι), ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, ἀπὸ τότε, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν; s. the pertinent entries.β. w. the limits defined, forward and backward: ἀπὸ … ἕως (Jos., Ant. 6, 364) Mt 27:45. ἀπὸ … ἄχρι Phil 1:5. ἀπὸ … μέχρι Ac 10:30; Ro 5:14; 15:19.γ. ἀφʼ ἧς (sc. ὥρας or ἡμέρας, which is found Col 1:6, 9; but ἀφʼ ἧς became a fixed formula: ParJer 7:28; Plut., Pelop. [285] 15, 5; s. B-D-F §241, 2) since Lk 7:45 (Renehan ’75, 36f); Ac 24:11; 2 Pt 3:4 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 6, 6; 1 Macc 1:11). ἀφʼ οὗ (sc.—as in X., Cyr. 1, 2, 13—χρόνου; Att. ins in Meisterhans.3-Schw. and s. Witkowski, index 163; ἀφʼ οὗ is also a formula) since, when once (X., Symp. 4, 62; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 Jac.; Lucian, Dial. Mar. 15, 1; Ex 5:23 GrBar 3:6) Lk 13:25; 24:21; Rv 16:18 (cp. Da 12:1; 1 Macc 9:29; 16:24; 2 Macc 1:7; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 23; GrBar; Jos., Ant. 4, 78). τρία ἔτη ἀφʼ οὗ (cp. Tob 5:35 S) Lk 13:7. ἀφότε s. ὅτε 1aγ end.ⓒ the beg. of a series from … (on).α. ἀρξάμενος ἀ. Μωϋσέως καὶ ἀ. πάντων τ. προφητῶν beginning w. Moses and all the prophets Lk 24:27. ἕβδομος ἀ. Ἀδάμ Jd 14 (Diod S 1, 50, 3 ὄγδοος ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρός [ancestor]; Appian, Mithrid. 9 §29 τὸν ἕκτον ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου Μιθριδάτην; Arrian, Anab. 7, 12, 4; Diog. L. 3, 1: Plato in the line of descent was ἕκτος ἀπὸ Σόλωνος; Biogr. p. 31: Homer δέκατος ἀπὸ Μουσαίου). ἀ. διετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω Mt 2:16 (cp. Num 1:20; 2 Esdr 3:8).β. w. both beg. and end given ἀπὸ … ἕως (Sir 18:26; 1 Macc 9:13) Mt 1:17; 23:35; Ac 8:10. Sim., ἀ. δόξης εἰς δόξαν fr. glory to glory 2 Cor 3:18.③ to indicate origin or source, fromⓐ lit., with verbs of motionα. down from πίπτειν ἀ. τραπέζης Mt 15:27. καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀ. θρόνων God has dethroned rulers Lk 1:52.β. from ἔρχεσθαι ἀ. θεοῦ J 3:2; cp. 13:3; 16:30. παραγίνεται ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mt 3:13; ἀ. ἀνατολῶν ἥξουσιν 8:11 (Is 49:12; 59:19); ἀ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐπορεύετο 24:1; ἀ. Παμφυλίας Ac 15:38. ἐγείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. νεκρῶν be raised from the dead Mt 14:2.ⓑ lit., to indicate someone’s local origin from (Hom. et al.; Soph., El. 701; Hdt. 8, 114; ins [RevArch 4 sér. IV 1904 p. 9 ἀπὸ Θεσσαλονίκης]; pap [HBraunert, Binnenwanderung ’64, 384, s.v.; PFlor 14, 2; 15, 5; 17, 4; 22, 13 al.]; Judg 12:8; 13:2; 17:1 [all three acc. to B]; 2 Km 23:20 al.; Jos., Bell. 3, 422, Vi. 217; Just., A I, 1 τῶν ἀπὸ Φλαουί̈ας Νέας πόλεως; s. B-D-F §209, 3; Rob. 578) ἦν ἀ. Βηθσαϊδά he was from B. J 1:44; cp. 12:21. ὄχλοι ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας crowds fr. Galilee Mt 4:25. ἄνδρες ἀ. παντὸς ἔθνους Ac 2:5. ἀνὴρ ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου a man fr. the crowd Lk 9:38. ὁ προφήτης ὁ ἀ. Ναζαρέθ Mt 21:11. οἱ ἀ. Κιλικίας the Cilicians Ac 6:9. οἱ ἀδελφοὶ οἱ ἀ. Ἰόππης 10:23 (Musaeus 153 παρθένος ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας; Just., A I, 58, 1 Μακρίωνα … τὸν ἀπὸ Πόντου). οἱ ἀ. Θεσσαλονίκης Ἰουδαῖοι 17:13. οἱ ἀ. τῆς Ἰταλίας the Italians Hb 13:24, who could be inside as well as outside Italy (cp. Dssm., Her. 33, 1898, 344, LO 167, 1 [LAE 200, 3]; Mlt. 237; B-D-F §437).—Rather denoting close association οἱ ἀ. τῆς ἐκκλησίας members of the church Ac 12:1; likew. 15:5 (cp. Plut., Cato Min. 4, 2 οἱ ἀπὸ τ. στοᾶς φιλόσοφοι; Ps.-Demetr. c. 68 οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ=his [Isocrates’] pupils; Synes., Ep. 4 p. 162b; 66 p. 206c; PTebt 33, 3 [112 B.C.], Ῥωμαῖος τῶν ἀπὸ συγκλήτου; Ar. 15, 1 Χριστιανοὶ γενεαλογοῦνται ἀπὸ … Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ; Ath.).—To indicate origin in the sense of material fr. which someth. is made (Hdt. 7, 65; Theocr. 15, 117; IPriene 117, 72 ἀπὸ χρυσοῦ; 1 Esdr 8:56; Sir 43:20 v.l.) ἔνδυμα ἀ. τριχῶν καμήλου clothing made of camel’s hair Mt 3:4.ⓒ fig., w. verbs of asking, desiring, to denote the pers. of or from whom a thing is asked (Ar. 11, 3): δανίσασθαι ἀπό τινος borrow fr. someone Mt 5:42. ἐκζητεῖν ἀ. τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης Lk 11:51. ἀπαιτεῖν τι ἀπό τινος Lk 12:20. ζητεῖν τι ἀπό τινος 1 Th 2:6. λαμβάνειν τι ἀπό τινος Mt 17:25f; 3J 7.ⓓ fig., w. verbs of perceiving, to indicate source of the perception (Lysias, Andoc. 6; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6, 399b ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων θεωρεῖται ὁ θεός; Appian, Liby. 104 §493 ἀπὸ τῆς σφραγῖδος=[recognize a corpse] by the seal-ring; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 1 στοχάζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ὀνομάτων; Just., D. 60, 1 τοῦτο νοοῦμεν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων τῶν προλελεγμένων; 100, 2 ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν): ἀ. τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς by their fruits you will know them Mt 7:16, 20. μανθάνειν παραβολὴν ἀ. τῆς συκῆς learn a lesson from the fig tree 24:32; Mk 13:28. ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων μὴ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν παραβολήν if we are not to derive our parable solely from reference to seeds (cp. 1 Cor 15:37) AcPlCor 2:28.—Also μανθάνειν τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. fr. someone Gal 3:2; Col 1:7.ⓔ γράψαι ἀφʼ ὧν ἠδυνήθην, lit., write from what I was able, i.e. as well as I could B 21:9 (cp. Tat. 12, 5 οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώττης οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰκότων οὐδὲ ἀπʼ ἐννοιῶν etc.).④ to indicate distance fr. a point, away from, for μακρὰν ἀ. τινος far fr. someone, ἀπὸ μακρόθεν fr. a great distance s. μακράν, μακρόθεν. ἀπέχειν ἀπό τινος s. ἀπέχω 4. W. detailed measurements (corresp. to Lat. ‘a’, s. B-D-F §161, 1; Rob. 575; WSchulze, Graeca Latina 1901, 15ff; Hdb. on J 11:18; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 12 §42; CB I/2, 390 no. 248) ἦν Βηθανία ἐγγὺς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ὡς ἀπὸ σταδίων δεκατέντε Bethany was near Jerusalem, about 15 stades (less than 3 km.) away J 11:18. ὡς ἀπὸ πηχῶν διακοσίων about 200 cubits (c. 90 meters) 21:8. ἀπὸ σταδίων χιλίων ἑξακοσίων about 1600 stades (c. 320 km.) Rv 14:20; cp. Hv 4, 1, 5 (for other examples of this usage, s. Rydbeck 68).—Hebraistically ἀπὸ προσώπου τινός (Gen 16:6; Jer 4:26; Jdth 2:14; Sir 21:2; 1 Macc 5:34; En 103:4; Just., A I, 37, 1 ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ πατρὸς ἐλέχθησαν διὰ Ἠσαίου … οἵδε οἱ λόγοι ‘in the name of the father … through Isaiah’; 38, 1 al.)=מִפְּנֵי פ׳ ( away) from the presence of someone 2 Th 1:9 (Is 2:10, 19, 21); Rv 12:14 (B-D-F §140; 217, 1; Mlt-H. 466).⑤ to indicate cause, means, or outcomeⓐ gener., to show the reason for someth. because of, as a result of, for (numerous ref. in FBleek on Hb 5:7; PFay 111, 4; POxy 3314, 7 [from falling off a horse]; Jdth 2:20; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; AscIs 3:13; Jos., Ant. 9, 56) οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου he could not because of the crowd Lk 19:3; cp. Mk 2:4 D. οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτός I could not see because of the brilliance of the light Ac 22:11. ἀ. τοῦ πλήθους τ. ἰχθύων J 21:6 (M-EBoismard, ad loc.: s. 1f end). ἀ. τοῦ ὕδατος for the water Hs 8, 2, 8. ἀ. τῆς θλίψεως because of the persecution Ac 11:19. οὐαὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ἀ. τ. σκανδάλων Mt 18:7 (s. B-D-F §176, 1; Mlt. 246). εἰσακουσθεὶς ἀ. τῆς εὐλαβείας heard because of his piety Hb 5:7 (but the text may be corrupt; at any rate it is obscure and variously interpr.; besides the comm. s. KRomaniuk, Die Gottesfürchtigen im NT: Aegyptus 44, ’64, 84; B-D-F §211; Rob. 580; s. on εὐλάβεια).ⓑ to indicate means with the help of, with (Hdt. et al.; Ael. Aristid. 37, 23 K.=2 p. 25 D.; PGM 4, 2128f σφράγιζε ἀπὸ ῥύπου=seal with dirt; En 97:8) γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν ἀ. τ. κερατίων fill one’s stomach w. the husks Lk 15:16 v.l. (s. ἐκ 4aζ; cp. Pr 18:20). οἱ πλουτήσαντες ἀπʼ αὐτῆς Rv 18:15 (cp. Sir 11:18).ⓒ to indicate motive or reason for, from, with (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 13 §52 ἀπʼ εὐνοίας=with goodwill; 1 Macc 6:10; pap exx. in Kuhring 35) κοιμᾶσθαι ἀ. τῆς λύπης sleep from sorrow Lk 22:45. ἀ. τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ Mt 13:44; cp. Lk 24:41; Ac 12:14. ἀ. τοῦ φόβου κράζειν Mt 14:26, ἀ. φόβου καὶ προσδοκίας with fear and expectation Lk 21:26. Hence verbs of fearing, etc., take ἀ. to show the cause of the fear (s. above 1c) μὴ φοβεῖσθαι ἀ. τ. ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα not be afraid of those who kill only the body Mt 10:28; Lk 12:4 (cp. Jdth 5:23; 1 Macc 2:62; 3:22; 8:12; En 106:4).ⓓ to indicate the originator of the action denoted by the verb from (Trag., Hdt. et al.) ἀ. σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν Mt 12:38. γινώσκειν ἀπό τινος learn fr. someone Mk 15:45. ἀκούειν ἀ. τοῦ στόματός τινος hear fr. someone’s mouth, i.e. fr. him personally Lk 22:71 (Dionys. Hal. 3, 8 ἀ. στόματος ἤκουσεν); cp. Ac 9:13; 1J 1:5. τὴν ἀ. σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν a promise given by you Ac 23:21 (cp. Ath. 2, 3 ταῖς ἀπὸ τῶν κατηγόρων αἰτίαις ‘the charges made by the accusers’). ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν Hb 11:12. Prob. παραλαμβάνειν ἀ. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Cor 11:23 is to be understood in the same way: Paul is convinced that he is taught by the Lord himself (for direct teaching s. EBröse, Die Präp. ἀπό 1 Cor 11:23: StKr 71, 1898, 351–60; Dssm.; BWeiss; Ltzm.; H-DWendland. But for indirect communication: Zahn et al.). παραλαβὼν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Φιλίππου, ὅτι Papias (11:2); opp. παρειληφέναι ὑπὸ τῶν θ. Φ. (2:9).—Of the more remote cause ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων from human beings (as opposed to transcendent revelation; w. διʼ ἀνθρώπου; cp. Artem. 1, 73 p. 66, 11 ἀπὸ γυναικῶν ἢ διὰ γυναικῶν; 2, 36 p. 135, 26) Gal 1:1. ἀ. κυρίου πνεύματος fr. the Lord, who is the Spirit 2 Cor 3:18. ἔχειν τι ἀπό τινος have (received) someth. fr. someone 1 Cor 6:19; 1 Ti 3:7; 1J 2:20; 4:21.—In salutation formulas εἰρήνη ἀ. θεοῦ πατρός ἡμῶν peace that comes from God, our father Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; cp. 6:23; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1 v.l.; 2 Th 1:2; 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; Phlm 3. σοφία ἀ. θεοῦ wisdom that comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:30. ἔπαινος ἀ. θεοῦ praise fr. God 4:5. καὶ τοῦτο ἀ. θεοῦ and that brought about by God Phil 1:28. The expr. εἰρήνη ἀπὸ ‘ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος’ Rv 1:4 is quite extraordinary. It may be an interpretation of the name Yahweh already current, or an attempt to show reverence for the divine name by preserving it unchanged, or simply one more of the grammatical peculiarities so frequent in Rv (Meyer6-Bousset 1906, 159ff; Mlt. 9, note 1; cp. PParis 51, 33 ἀπὸ ἀπηλιότης; Mussies 93f, 328).ⓔ to indicate responsible agents for someth., from, ofα. the self, st. Gk. usage (Thu. 5, 60, 1; X., Mem. 2, 10, 3; Andoc., Orat. 2, 4 οὗτοι οὐκ ἀφʼ αὑτῶν ταῦτα πράττουσιν; Diod S 17, 56; Num 16:28; 4 Macc 11:3; En 98:4; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 26 [Stone p. 38]; 18 p. 101, 6 [Stone p. 50]; Just., A I, 43, 8) the expr. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ (pl. ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν) of himself and ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ of myself are common Lk 12:57; 21:30; 2 Cor 3:5, esp. so in J: 5:19, 30; 8:28; 10:18; 15:4.—7:17f; 11:51; 14:10; 16:13; 18:34. So also ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλήλυθα I did not come of myself (opp. the Father sent me) 7:28; 8:42.β. fr. others. W. verbs in the pass. voice or pass. mng. ὑπό is somet. replaced by ἀπό (in isolated cases in older Gk. e.g. Thu. 1, 17 et al. [Kühner-G. II/1 p. 457f]; freq. in later Gk.: Polyb. 1, 79, 14; Hero I 152, 6; 388, 11; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 130 Jac.; IG XII/5, 29, 1; SIG 820, 9; PLond III, 1173, 12 p. 208; BGU 1185, 26; PFlor 150, 6 ἀ. τῶν μυῶν κατεσθιόμενα; PGM 4, 256; Kuhring 36f; 1 Macc 15:17; Sir 16:4; ParJer 1:1 ᾐχμαλωτεύθησαν … ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 62; Just., A I, 68, 6 ἐπιστολὴν … γραφεῖσάν μοι ἀπὸ Σερήνου, D. 121, 3 ἀπὸ παντὸς [γένους] μετάνοιαν πεποιῆσθαι. See B-D-F §210; Rob. 820; GHatzidakis, Einl. in d. neugriech. Gramm. 1892, 211; AJannaris, An Histor. Gk. Grammar 1897, §1507). Yet just at this point the textual tradition varies considerably, and the choice of prep. is prob. at times influenced by the wish to express special nuances of mng. Lk 8:29b v.l. (ὑπό text); 43b (ὑπό v.l.); 10:22 D; ἀποδεδειγμένος ἀ. τ. θεοῦ attested by God Ac 2:22. ἐπικληθεὶς Βαρναβᾶς ἀ. (ὑπό v.l.) τ. ἀποστόλων named B. by the apostles 4:36. κατενεχθεὶς ἀ. τοῦ ὕπνου overcome by sleep 20:9. ἀθετούμενος ἀπὸ τῶν παραχαρασσόντων τὰ λόγια αὐτοῦ inasmuch as (Jesus) is being rejected by those who falsify his words AcPlCor 2:3. νεκροῦ βληθέντος ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπʼ αὐτά when a corpse was cast upon them (the bones of Elisha) 2:32. In such cases ἀπό freq. denotes the one who indirectly originates an action, and can be transl. at the hands of, by command of: πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀ. τ. πρεσβυτέρων suffer much at the hands of the elders Mt 16:21; cp. Lk 9:22; 17:25, where the emphasis is to be placed on παθεῖν, not on ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι. In ἀ. θεοῦ πειράζομαι the thought is that the temptation is caused by God, though not actually carried out by God Js 1:13. ἡτοιμασμένος ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ prepared by God’s command, not by God in person Rv 12:6.⑥ In a few expr. ἀπό helps to take the place of an adverb. ἀπὸ μέρους, s. μέρος 1c.—ἡμέρᾳ ἀφʼ ἡμέρας day by day GJs 12:3.—ἀπὸ μιᾶς (acc. to Wlh., Einl.2 26, an Aramaism, min ḥădā˒=at once [s. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 113]; but this does not explain the fem. gender, found also in the formulaic ἐπὶ μιᾶς Maxim. Tyr. 6, 3f En 99:9 [s. SAalen, NTS 13, ’67, 3] and in Mod. Gk. μὲ μιᾶς at once [Thumb §162 note 2]. PSI 286, 22 uses ἀπὸ μιᾶς of a payment made ‘at once’; on the phrase s. New Docs 2, 189. Orig. γνώμης might have been a part of the expr. [Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 73], or ὁρμῆς [Thu. 7, 71, 6], or γλώσσης [Cass. Dio 44, 36, 2], or φωνῆς [Herodian 1, 4, 8]; cp. ἀπὸ μιᾶς φωνῆς Plut., Mor. 502d of an echo; s. B-D-F §241, 6) unanimously, alike, in concert Lk 14:18. Sim. ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν fr. (your) hearts, sincerely Mt 18:35.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 6 has as a formula διὰ μιᾶς, probably = continuously, uninterruptedly, Or. 44 [=Or. 8], 2 fuller διὰ μιᾶς τῆς σπουδῆς=with one and the same, or with quite similar zeal.—M-M. -
10 VELJA
* * *(vel; valda; valiðr, valdr, valinn), v. to choose, select, pick out (v. e-n til fylgdar við sik);v. um e-t, to choose between;er gott um at v., there is plenty of choice;eiga um tvá kosti at v., to have two alternatives to choose between;v. e-m hæðilig (hörð) orð, to speak ignominiously to (or of) one;hafa valit líð, to have picked troops;refl., veljast til e-s, to come forward (völdust margir göfgir menn til þessar ferðar).* * *pres. vel; pret. valði, valdi; subj. velði; part. valiðr, valdr, valinn; [Ulf. waljan = αἱρειν; O. H. G. weljan; Germ. wählen; Dan. vælge; Swed. välja; Old Engl. wale; cp. val-]:—to choose, elect, pick out; at ér velit þat er yðr gegnir, 623. 30; ok er gott um at velja, Nj. 3; velja um tvá kosti, Gísl. 16; konungr valði mjök menn með sér í hirð at afli ok hreysti, Fms. i. 43; þeir feðgar völðu mjök menn at afli til fylgðar við sik, Eg. 84; þeir bræðr völðu sér lið, 119; þeir höfðu valið lið, picked troops, Nj. 24; valiðs meistara, Post. (Unger) 108; velja við til, Grág. ii. 356; ef eigi er rjóðrum högginn skógrinn ok er valiðr, 294; valiðr til e-s, Fs. 71; rita tal allra valdra manna, Hom. 36.2. to pick out, Lat. promere; kuml konunga ór kerum valði, Gh. 7; hverr vildi mér hnossir v., Gkv. 2. 20; valði Sigríðr vinum sínum gjafar, S. made gifts to her friends, Ó. H. 124; velr hón honum mörg hæðilig orð, Ld. 48; v. mönnum neisulig orð, Ísl. ii. 384; v. e-m hörð orð, Fb. ii. 376.II. reflex., þeir sjau völðusk til, ok gengu, came forward, picked themselves out, Fms. viii. 117; völdusk margir göfgir menn til þessar ferðar, Orkn. 322.2. pass. to be chosen, H. E. i. 478. -
11 ζυγόν
ζῠγόν, τό, also [full] ζυγός, ὁ, (in various senses), h.Cer. 217, Pl.Ti. 63b, Theoc.30.29, LXXGe.27.40, al., Plb.4.82.2, Ev.Matt.11.29, Jul.Or.5.173a, etc.: rarely in pl.,I yoke of a plough or carriage,ζ. ἵππειον Il.5.799
, 23.392;ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἵππους 5.731
, cf. Od.3.383;ἐπὶ ζυγὸν αὐχένι θεῖναι βουσί Hes.Op. 815
, cf. 581; ὑπὸ ζυγόφιν (i.e. ζυγοῦ)λύον ἵππους Il.24.576
: prov., τὸν αὐτὸν ἕλκειν ζ. 'to be in the same boat', Aristaenet.2.7, Zen.3.43;ταὔτ' ἐμοὶ ζ. τρίβεις Herod.6.12
.2 metaph.,ἐπὶ ζυγὸς αὐχένι κεῖται h.Cer. 217
;ἐχθροῖσιν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν αὐχένα θήσω Thgn.1023
; ἐπαυχένιον λαβεῖν ζ. Pi.P.2.93; δούλιον ζ. the yoke of slavery, Hdt.7.8.γ, A.Th.75 (pl.), 471, etc.; δουλείας, ἀνάγκης ζ., S.Aj. 944, E.Or. 1330;ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον δικαίως εἶχον S.Ant. 291
; ἐπιτιθέναι τινὶ ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ.. so as to prevent.., X.Cyr.3.1.27;ζυγῷ ζυγῆναι Pl.R. 508a
;ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. τινάς Plb.4.82.2
, cf. D.H.3.22;ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. ὑπαγαγεῖν D.C.Fr.36.10
;ζυγὸν ὑποστῆναι D.H.10.20
.2 .III in pl., thwarts or benches joining the opposite sides of a ship, Od.9.99, 13.21, Hdt.2.96: rarely in sg.,θοὸν εἰρεσίας ζυγόν S.Aj. 249
(lyr.): metaph., of the seat of authority compared to the helmsman's seat, ;ἐπεὶ δ' ἐπὶ ζυγοῖς καθέζετ' ἀρχῆς Id.Ph.74
; σὺ ταῦτα φωνεῖς νερτέρᾳ προσήμενος κώπῃ, κρατούντων τῶν ἐπὶ ζυγῷ δορός; while on the main thwart sits authority, A.Ag. 1618; also of a coachman's seat, box, PMasp.303.15 (vi A.D.).IV beam of the balance,ζυγὸν ταλάντου A.Supp. 822
(lyr.), cf. Arist.Mech. 850a4: hence, the balance itself (cf. πῆχυς IV),αἴρειν τὸν ζυγόν Pl.Ti. 63b
; ἐν πλάστιγγιζυγοῦ κεῖσθαι Id.R. 55o
e; ζυγῷ or ἐν τῷ ζ. ἱστάναι, Lys.10.18, Pl. Prt. 356b;ζυγὸν ἱστάναι D.Prooem.55
: in pl., Id.25.46, SIG975.39 (Delos, iii B.C.): prov.,ζ. μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν Pythag.
ap. D.L.8.18.b the constellation Libra, Hipparch.3.1.5, Ph.1.28, Man.2.137, etc.;ζ. Ἀφροδίτης Porph.Antr.22
.VIII rank or line of soldiers, opp. file ([etym.] στοῖχος), ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ζ. ἐμάχοντο τέσσαρες Th.5.68
;ὁ ζυγός Polyaen.4.4.3
(τὰ ζυγά 2.10.4
); κατὰ ζυγόν line with line, Plb.1.45.9;κατ' ἄνδρα καὶ ζ. Id.3.81.2
; esp. front rank, Ael.Tact.7.1, Arr.Tact.8.1; also of the Chorus, Poll.4.108.IX ζυγὰ ἢ ἄζυγα even or odd, a game, Sch.Ar.Pl. 817.X measure of land, SIG963.13 (Amorgos, iv B.C.). -
12 θάρσος
θάρσος, [dialect] Att. [full] θάρρος, [dialect] Aeol. [full] θέρσος (q.v.), εος, τό, ([etym.] θρασύς)A courage, Il.6.126; θ. τινός courage to do a thing, A.Ch.91, S.OC48: c. gen., courage against.., ;πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους X.Cyr. 4.2.15
; θ. ἴσχε take courage! S.Ph. 807;θ. ἔχειν περί τινος Id.El. 412
;φρεσὶ θ. ἀέξειν Hes.Sc.96
;αἴρειν πρός τι E.IA 1598
;λαβεῖν Act.Ap. 28.15
; butθ. ἔλαβέ τινας Th.2.92
;θ. ἐμπνέειν Od.9.381
;ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θεῖναι 3.76
; τῷ δ' ἐνὶ θυμῷ θῆκε.. θ. 1.321;ἐν κραδίῃ βάλλειν Il.21.547
; παρασχεῖν, ἐμποιεῖν τινι, Th.6.68, X.An.6.5.17; θ. ἐγγίγνεται, ἐμπίπτει τινί, Id.Cyr.4.2.15, HG7.1.31;ἐμφύσεται Id.Cyr.5.2.32
;οὔτ' ἐλπίδος γὰρ οὔτε του δόξης ὁρῶ θ. παρ' ἡμῖν ὡς.. E.Hec. 371
: pl.,φόβοι καὶ θάρρη Arist.EN 1107a33
, cf. Pl.Prt. 360b.2 that which gives courage,ὀλολυγμόν.., θάρσος φίλοις A.Th. 270
, cf. 184: pl., θάρση grounds of confidence, E.IT 1281 (lyr.).II rarely in bad sense, = θράσος, audacity,θάρσος ἄητον ἔχουσα Il.21.395
; μυίης θάρσος ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἐνῆκεν the reckless persistence of a fly, 17.570.—On the diff. of θάρσος and θράσος, v. θράσος. -
13 καθαιρέω
A- ήσω Il.11.453
, etc.: [tense] fut. 2καθελῶ APl.4.334
(Antiphil.): [tense] aor.2 καθεῖλον, inf. καθελεῖν: [tense] aor. 1 : [dialect] Ion. [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass.καταραιρημένος Hdt.2.172
:— take down,καθείλομεν ἱστία Od. 9.149
;κὰδ δ' ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον Il.24.268
; κ. ἄχθος take it down, i.e. off one's shoulders, Ar.Ra.10;κ. τὸ σημεῖον And.1.36
; κ. τῶν ἐκ τῆς στοᾶς ὅπλων some of them, X.HG5.4.8;κ. εἰκόνα ἐξ ἀκροπόλεως Lycurg.117
; κ. τινά, from the cross, Plb.1.86.6, Ph.2.529:—[voice] Med., κατελέσθαι τὰ τόξα take down one's bow, Hdt.3.78;τοὺς ἱστούς Plb.1.61.1
.2 put down, close the eyes of the dead,ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι θανόντι περ Il.11.453
;ὀφθαλμοὺς καθελοῦσα Od.24.296
;χερσὶ κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑλέειν 11.426
.3 of sorcerers, bring down from the sky, , Pl.Grg. 513a.4 κατά με πέδον γᾶς ἕλοι may earth swallow me! E.Supp. 829 (lyr.).II put down by force, destroy,ὅτε κέν μιν μοῖρ' ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι Od.2.100
, 19.145, cf. 3.238, etc.;μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰών Pi.O.9.60
;φῶτ' ἄδικον καθαιρεῖ A.Ag. 398
(lyr.);μοῖρα τὸν φύσαντα καθεῖλε S.Aj. 517
, cf. E.El. 878(lyr.), etc.; kill, slay, ταῦρον ib. 1143, cf. Stesich.23, S.Tr. 1063, Fr. 205; ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ.. ἐν ὁδῷ καθελών Lexap.D.23.53:—[voice] Pass., of criminals, to be executed, Plu.Them.22.2 put down, reduce,κ. Κῦρον καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν Hdt.1.71
, etc.; καθαιρεθῆναι, opp. ἀρθῆναι, D.2.8; esp. depose, dethrone, Hdt.1.124, etc.; κ. τὸ λῃστικὸν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης remove it utterly from.., Th.1.4, cf. POxy.1408.23 (iii A.D.);κ. ὕβριν τινός Hdt.9.27
, LXXZa.9.6;ὄλβον S.Fr.646.4
; ὑπερηφάνους Aristeas 263:—[voice] Pass., καθῃρημένος τὴν αἴσθησιν bereft of sense, Plu.Per.38; καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος [Ἀρτέμιδος] Act.Ap.19.27.3 raze to the ground, demolish,πόλεις Th.1.58
, al., LXXIs.14.17; ; τῶν τειχῶν a part of the walls, X.HG4.4.13:—[voice] Pass., Th. 5.39, etc.;καθῃρέθη.. Οἰχαλία δορί S.Tr. 478
.5 as law-term, condemn, ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος a verdict of guilty, Lys.13.37: c. inf.,ἐμὲ πάλος καθαιρεῖ.. λαβεῖν S. Ant. 275
; so prob.κατά με.. Ἀΐδας ἕλοι πατρὶ ξυνθανεῖν Id.OC 1689
(lyr.), cf. E.Or. 862; simply, decide,ὅ τι ἂν αἱ πλείους ψῆφοι καθαιρῶσι D.H.7.36
, 39; in book-keeping, ἃν καθαιρῶσιν αἱ ψῆφοι whatever the counters (or accounts) prove, prob. in D.18.227.6 reduce, ;τοῦ ἀποστήματος πεφυκότος ἐπὶ πολὺ καθαιρεῖν τὰ μεγέθη Phld.Sign.9
; of mild caustics, τὰ ὑπερσαρκέοντα καθαιρεῖ (prob. for καθαίρει) Hp.Ulc.14, cf. Gal.11.756;τὸ σῶμα κ. διαίταις Plu.Ant.53
: Rhet., minimize, Arist.Rh. 1376a34.III overpower, seize,κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος ᾕρει Od. 9.372
; κ. τινά overtake, X.Cyr.4.3.16; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ catch in the act of folly, S.Ant. 383 (anap.): c. gen. partis, κ. τῶν ὤτων seize by.., Theoc.5.133:—[voice] Pass.,κ. ὑπό τινος Hdt.6.29
.IV fetch down as a reward or prize,καθαιρεῖν ἀγῶνας Plu.Pomp.8
: metaph., achieve,ἀγώνιον.. εὖχος ἔργῳ καθελών Pi.O.10(11).63
: [tense] fut. inf. καθαρεῖν, παστόν, μίτραν, Epigr. in Berl.Sitzb.1894.908 (Asia Minor):—[voice] Med.,φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθ', οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα E.Supp. 749
:—[voice] Pass., Hdt.7.50.V less freq. like the simple αἱρεῖν, take and carry off, Id.6.41, cf.5.36 ([voice] Pass.). Cf. καθαίρω.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καθαιρέω
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14 κοῦφος
A light, nimble, Hom. only in neut. pl. as Adv., κοῦφα ποσὶ προβιβάς stepping lightly on, Il.13.158, cf. Hes.Sc. 323;κοῦφα βιβῶν Pi.O.14.16
;κ. ποσὶν ἄγ' ἐς κύκλον Ar.Th. 954
(lyr.); alsoκούφοις ποσί Pi.O.13.114
;κουφοτάταις πτερύγων ἀκμαῖς Ar.Ra. 1353
;πήδημα κ. ἐκ νεὼς ἀφήλατο A.Pers. 305
;κ. ἐξᾶραι πόδα S.Ant. 224
;κ. ἅλμα E.El. 439
(lyr.);κ. αἴρειν βῆμα Id.Tr. 343
;οὐ τοῖς κούφοις ὁ δρόμος LXX Ec.9.11
: metaph., κουφότεραι.. ἀπειράτων φρένες too buoyant, Pi.O. 8.61.2 metaph., easy, light, τελεῖν.. κούφαν κτίσιν to make achievement easy, ib.13.83;κ. εἰ δοίης τέλος A.Th. 260
; κ. νύξ an easier night, of a sick person, Jul.Mis. 342a ([comp] Comp.);περίπατος Sor.1.46
;τὸ ὅσιον ἅπαν κ. ἔργον OGI383.120
(Nemrud Dagh, i B. C.); of government, light, κουφοτέραν βασιλείαν less oppressive, Isoc.9.51;ἡ εὔκλεια κουφοτέρα φέρειν X.Cyr.8.2.22
; of an antagonist, easy-going,κουφότατος ἦν κρατήσας Id.Ages.11.12
;δεσπότην ἀπράγμονα καὶ κ. ἐξαπατᾷ θεράπων Men.Per.Fr.1
.3 unsubstantial, airy, vain,τὸ νέον.. κούφας ἀφροσύνας φέρον S.OC 1230
(lyr.);οὐδὲν ἄλλο πλὴν.. κούφην σκιάν Id.Aj. 126
;ἐλπίδος τι εἶχον κούφης Th.2.51
;κ. καὶ πτηνοὶ λόγοι Pl.Lg. 717c
; κ. πρᾶγμα a trifle, ib. 935a; κ. γράμματα a small letter, E.IT 594; of persons, = κουφόνους, Hdn.5.7.1; τὸ κοῦφον τοῦ νοῦ levity, Paus.5.21.14, cf. Hdn.7.8.6.4 light in point of weight, opp. βαρύς, Pl. Phlb. 14d, R. 438c ([comp] Comp.), etc.; κούφα σοι χθὼν ἐπάνωθε πέσοι may earth lie lightly on thee, E.Alc. 462 (lyr.), cf. Hel. 853;κούφη σοι κόνις ἥδε πέλοι IG14.1942.4
; κούφη σεῖο γαῖ' ὀστέα κεύθοι ib.329 ([place name] Himera); κ. πνεύματα light airs, S.Aj. 558;ὀστᾶ τε καὶ κ. κόνις Men.538.3
;τὸ κουφότατον.. τῶν κακῶν.. πενία Id.Kith.Fr.2
.b Medic. in various uses, σικύαι κοῦφαι dry cuppings, Philum. ap. Orib.45.29.17, cf. Sor.2.11, etc.; also κούφου μένοντος τοῦ ἰοῦ on the surface, Philum.Ven.7.3; μὴν κ. the eighth month of pregnancy, Sor.1.56; of food, easy to digest, light, Arist.EN 1141b18, etc.c of troops, light-armed,οἱ κ. τῶν στρατιωτῶν Hell.Oxy.6.4
;ὡπλισμένοι κουφοτέροις ὅπλοις X. Mem.3.5.27
;κούφη στρατιά Plu.Fab.11
;τὰ κ. τῆς δυνάμεως Plb.10.25.2
.d of ships, lightly-laden, Th.6.37, 8.27.5 light, slight,ἁμαρτήματα Pl.Lg. 863c
; κουφότερα γυμνάσια, opp. ἀναγκαῖα, Arist. Pol. 1338b40; κ. ἐργασίαι ib. 1321a25.6 empty,κεράμια Gp.7.24.2
, cf. PLond.5.1656.6 (iv A. D.), PFlor.314.8(v. A. D.): hence as Subst., κοῦφον (sc. κεράμιον), τό, jar, in pl., POxy.1631.16 (iii A. D.), PFay. 133.6 (iv A. D.), PStrassb.1.10 (vi A. D.).7 [voice] Act., relieving, assisting,χερὶ κούφᾳ Pi.P.9.11
: prob. to be taken in this sense in Theoc. 11.3.II Adv. - φως lightly, nimbly,κ. ὀροῦσαι A.Eu. 112
; κ. ἐσκευασμένοι, of soldiers, Th.4.33;ὡπλισμένοι X.Mem.3.5.26
, etc.; κ. ἔχειν to be relieved, Arist.Pr. 873a16.2 metaph., lightly, with light heart,κουφότερον μετεφώνεε Od.8.201
;κ. νοῆσαι Sapph.Supp. 5.14
; κ. φέρειν, opp. δεινῶς φ., E.Med. 449, 1018;ὡς κουφότατα φέρειν Hdt.1.35
; διάγουσα κούφως doing well, of a patient, Hp.Epid.1.26.δ. -
15 κράτος
κράτος [pron. full] [ᾰ], [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. [full] κάρτος, εος, τό, both in Hom.; [dialect] Aeol. [full] κρέτος Alc.25:—A strength, might, in Hom. esp. of bodily strength,ἔπεφνε δόλῳ, οὔ τι κράτεΐ γε Il.7.142
;ἔχει ἥβης ἄνθος, ὅ τε κ. ἐστὶ μέγιστον 13.484
, etc.; τὸ γὰρ αὖτε σιδήρου γε κ. ἐστίν this (i.e. τὸ βάψαι ) is what gives strength to iron, Od.9.393: generally,δικαία γλῶσσ' ἔχει κ. μέγα S.Fr.80
;μηχανῆς ἔστω κ. A.Supp. 207
; κατὰ κράτος with all one's might or strength,πολιορκεῖσθαι Th.1.64
; ;ἐξελέγχεσθαι D.34.20
, etc.: freq. in phrase αἱρεῖν κατὰ κ. take by storm, Th.8.100, Isoc.4.119, etc.; alsoἀνὰ κράτος διώκειν X. Cyr.1.4.23
;ἐλαύνειν Id.An.1.8.1
, etc.;ἀπὸ κράτους D.S.17.34
; πρὸς ἰσχύος κράτος, opp. λόγῳ, S.Ph. 594.II power, τοῦ γὰρ κ. ἐστὶ μέγιστον, of Zeus, Il.2.118, etc.;τοῦ γὰρ κ. ἔστ' ἐνὶ οἴκῳ Od.1.359
, cf. Il.12.214;Ζηνὸς κ. Pi.O.6.96
, cf. A.Pr. 527 (lyr.); ἐκπίπτειν κράτους, of Zeus, ib. 948;τὸ κ. τοῦ θεοῦ LXX Ps.61(62).11
, etc.: pl.,ὑποχείριος κράτεσιν ἀρσένων A.Supp. 393
(lyr.), cf. S.Ant. 485; esp. of political power, rule, sovereignty, l.c.;τὸ κ. περιθεῖναί τινι Hdt.1.129
;ἐς τὸ πλῆθος φέρειν τὸ κ. Id.3.81
; τὸ πᾶν κ. ἔχειν to be all- powerful, Id.7.3;ἀρχὴ καὶ κ. τυραννικόν S.OC 373
; βασιλεὺς πρῶτος ἐν κράτει Ὀδρυσῶν ἐγένετο in real power, Th.2.29; laterτὸ κ. τῶν Ῥωμαίων POxy. 41i2
(iii/iv A. D.): in pl.,κράτη καὶ θρόνους S.Ant. 173
, cf. OT 586, etc.; θρόνων κράτη sovereign power, Id.Ant. 166.2 c. gen., power over,τὸ Περσέων κ. ἔχοντα Hdt.3.69
;τὸ κ. εἶχε τῆς στρατιῆς Id.9.42
;πᾶν κ. ἔχων χθονός A.Supp. 425
(lyr.);τῶν ἄλλων δαιμόνων E.Tr. 949
;δὸς κ. τῶν σῶν δόμων A.Ch. 480
;δωμάτων ἔχειν κ. Ar.Th. 871
;τὸ τῆς θαλάσσης κ. Th.1.143
;μετὰ κράτους τῆς γῆς Id.8.24
; ὧν ἂν ᾖ τὸ κ. τῆς γῆς whoever have possession of the land, Id.4.98;κ. ἔχειν ἑαυτοῦ Pl.Plt. 273a
: pl.,ἀστραπᾶν κράτη νέμων S.OT 201
(lyr.).III mastery, victory, freq. in Hom., Il.1.509, 6.387, Od.21.280;κ. ἄρνυσθαι S.Ph. 838
(lyr.);νίκη καὶ κράτη A.Supp. 951
; ἀέθλων κ. victory in.., Pi.I. 8(7).4;νίκη καὶ κ. τῶν δρωμένων S.El.85
; κ. ἀριστείας the meed of highest valour, Id.Aj. 443;νίκη καὶ κ. πολεμίων Pl.Lg. 962a
;κ. πολέμου καὶ νίκη D.19.130
.IV Medic., in pl., ligaments, Hp.Mul. 2.167.2 = ταρσός, back of the hand, Poll.2.144.V Pythag. name for ten, Theol.Ar.59.—This word and its derivs. take two forms, κρατ- and καρτ-; the latter is mostly [dialect] Ep., as κάρτος, κάρτιστος, καρτύνω, but in κρατερός and καρτερός the reverse holds, v. κρατερός fin.; κρατέω, κρατύς have no form καρτ-. ( κρατ- and καρτ- from kṛt-, weak form of κρετ-, cf. κρέτος, κρέσσων.) -
16 μασχάλη
A arm-pit,ὑπὸ μασχάλῃ h.Merc. 242
, etc.; in pl., Ar.Ach. 852, Ec.60; μασχάλην αἴρειν, = κωθωνίζεσθαι, Cratin.298;οἰνωμένος μ. ἆραι Ael.Ep.15
; of animals, ; μ. τῶν ἐμπροσθίων σκελῶν, of elephants, Arist. PA 688b5.II in trees and plants, hollow at base of a shoot, axil, Thphr.CP1.6.4; hence, branch, Id.HP3.15.1.2 young palm-twigs for making baskets or ropes, Hsch.IV in a ship, the part of the πρῷρα to which the ἀρτέμων is fastened, Hsch.V part of a dirigible χελώνη, Ath.Mech.34.5.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μασχάλη
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17 μηχανή
I contrivance, esp. machine for lifting weights and the like , crane, Hdt.2.125, IG11(2).161 A69, al. (Delos, iii B. C.); μ. τετράκωλος, δίκωλος, Rev.Phil.44.251 (Didyma, ii B. C.);μ. λιθαγωγός Poll. 10.148
; ἰχθυβόλῳ μ., of Poseidon's trident, A.Th. 132 (lyr.); λαοπόροις μ., of Xerxes' bridge of boats, Id.Pers. 114 (lyr.), cf. 722; freq. of irrigation machines, POxy. 985 (i A. D.), etc.; also of oil-presses, Wilcken Chr.176.10 (i/ii A. D.), etc.3 theatrical machine by which gods, etc., were made to appear in the air, Pl.Cra. 425d, Clit. 407a;αἴρειν μ. Antiph.191.15
, Alex.126.19: hence, prov. of anything sudden and unexpected,ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεὸς ἐπεφάνης Men. 227
;ὥσπερ ἀπὸ μ. D.40.59
, cf. Arist.Po. 1454b1.4 area of land irrigated by a machine, POxy.1830.13 (vi A. D.), PLond.5.1765 (vi A. D.), PSI1.77.14 (vi A. D.).II any artificial means or contrivance for doing a thing,ἤτοι κλήρῳ.., ἢ ἄλλῃ τινὶ μ. Hdt.3.83
;εἴ τίς ἐστι μ., ἴθι καὶ πειρῶ Id.8.57
, etc.; esp. in pl. μηχαναί, shifts, devices, wiles, Hes.Th. 146;πάντα σοφίσματα καὶ πάσας μ. ἐπεποιήκεε ἐς αὐτοὺς Δαρεῖος Hdt. 3.152
; μηχαναῖς Διός by the arts of Zeus, A.Ag. 677; χερὸς.. ἐκτίνοντα μηχανάς acts of violence, ib. 1582;Ὀρέστην μηχαναῖσι μὲν θανόντα, νῦν δὲ μηχαναῖς σεσωσμένον S.El. 1228
;κρατεῖ μαχαναῖς.. θηρός Id.Ant. 349
(lyr.);σοφιστῶν μ. Pl.Lg. 908d
: prov.,μηχαναὶ Σισύφου Ar.Ach. 391
:—Phrases:πάσας προσφέροντε μ. E.IT 112
;μηχανὴν προσοιστέον Ar.Th. 1132
;πᾶσαν σπουδὴν καὶ μ. προσφερόμενος Plb.1.18.11
;ἐπεισήγαγον μ. Id.29.25.1
;μηχανὰς εὑρήσομεν, ὥστε ἀπαλλάξαι A.Eu.82
;πλέκειν E.Andr.66
;πορίζεσθαι Pl.Smp. 191b
;ἐκπορίζειν Ar.V. 365
; ζητεῖν ib. 149; ἀντλεῖν μαχανάν exhaust one's resources, Pi.P.3.62; κατ' ἐμὰν μ. ib. 109: c. gen. objecti, ἔξευρε μ. τιν' Ἀδμήτῳ κακῶν contrivance against ills, E.Alc. 221 (lyr.); but μ. σωτηρίας a way, means of procuring or providing safety, A. Th. 209;μυρίων οὐσῶν μ. ἀπαλλαγῆς X.Cyr.5.1.12
; οὐδεμία μ. [ ἐστι] ὅκως οὐ c. [tense] fut. ind., Hdt.2.160; μὴ οὐ c. inf., ib. 181, 3.51; τὸ μὴ οὐ (prob.) Id.1.209; τίς μ. μὴ οὐχὶ .. ; Pl.Phd. 72d.2 freq. in adverb. phrases, μηδεμιῇ μ. by no means whatsoever, by no contrivance, Hdt. 7.51, etc.;οὓς οὐδεμιῇ μ. δεῖ τιτρώσκειν Hp.Art.11
; so μήτε τέχνῃ μήτε μ. μηδεμιᾷ Foed. ap. Th.5.18, cf. IG12.39.23; opp.πάσῃ τέχνῃ καὶ μ. Lys. 19.53
;πάσῃ μ. Ar.Lys. 300
(lyr.); τρόπῳ ἢ μ. ᾑτινιοῦν Lex ap.D.21.113. -
18 μύδρος
μύδρος, ὁ,A anvil of stone or metal, A.Fr. 307 (reading μύδρος) ; τύπτεσθαι μύδρος, i. e. as hard as an anvil, Antiph.195.3; also the redhot mass of iron on the anvil, Call.Dian.49, Nic.Al.50; μύδρους αἴρειν χεροῖν hold red-hot iron in the hands, as an ordeal, S.Ant. 264;μύδρον σιδήρεον κατεπόντωσαν Hdt.1.165
, cf. Arist.Ath.23.5, IG12.682 (prob.), Call.Fr. 209; Πακτώλιος μ. lump [of gold] from Pactolus, Lyc.272; μ. διάπυρος a red-hot mass of stone or metal, of the sun, Anaxag. ap. D.L.2.8, cf. 15, Archel. in Placit.2.13.6, Ph.1.623;ἀστέρος μ. Critias 25.35
D.; μ. διάπυροι the stones thrown out by Aetna, Arist.Mu. 395b23, cf. Str.6.2.8; also, of red-hot stones or pieces of metal, thrown into a liquid to vaporize it, Hp.Mul.2.134: generally, a stone, Orph.A. 896; ὁ ἀὴρ διάπυρος καὶ μ. γενόμενος dub. in Hp. Flat.8; μύδρος κίων παχὺς ἄξυστος (sine interpr.) Gloss. (Not in Hom. exc. in a spurious line read by some after Il.15.21.) (Cf. σμύδρος.) -
19 σκέλος
A leg from the hip downwards, only once in Hom., πρυμνὸν σκέλος the ham or buttock, Il.16.314;κάμηλος ἐν τοῖσι ὀπισθίοισι σ. ἔχει τέσσερας μηροὺς καὶ γούνατα τέσσερα Hdt.3.103
, cf. 7.61,88; , cf. Arist.HA 494a4; of dancers, τὸ σ. ῥίψαντες, αἴρειν, Ar. Pax 332, Ec. 265;σ. οὐράνιον ἐκλακτίζων Id.V. 1492
, cf. 1526; οὐρανῷ σκέλη προφαίνων, of one thrown head foremost, S.El. 753; βαδιοῦνται ἐπὶ δυοῖν σκελοῖν, ἐφ' ἑνὸς πορεύσονται σκέλους, Pl.Smp. 190d; ὁ δεινός, ὁ ταλαύρινος, ὁ κατὰ τοῖν σκελοῖν he with the legs, the strider, Ar. Pax 241 (but expld. by Sch. ἀπὸ τῶν διὰ δειλίαν ἀποτιλώντων, cf. Men. Per.18); dual, ,al., cf. Luc.Tim.26, Anach. 1; σκέλε (i.e. prob. σκέλει)δύο IG22.1388.24
, cf. 1502.5; but σκέλη (pl.) δύο in [dialect] Att. Inscrr. from 390 B.C., ib.1425.15, cf. 57, etc.; and soτὰ σ. Luc.Ind.9
: sg., leg of sacrificial victim, IG12.190.32, al.,42(1).40.10 (Epid., v B.C.).2 as a military phrase, ἐπὶ σκέλος πάλιν χωρεῖν, ἀνάγειν, retreat with the face towards the enemy, retire leisurely, E.Ph. 1400, Ar.Av. 383; cf.πούς 1.6b
.3 κατὰ σκέλος βαδίζειν, of the lion and the camel, with the hind foot following the fore on the same side (not crosswise), Arist.HA 498b7, cf. 629b14.4 παρὰ σκέλος ἀπαντᾷ it meets one across, i.e. crosses one's path, thwarts one, Arr.Epict.2.12.2 (v.l. π. μέλος).II metaph., τὰ σ. the legs, i.e. the two long walls connecting Athens with Piraeus, Str.9.1.15, Plu.Cim.13; τὰ μακρὰ ς. D.S.13.107, Plu.Lys.14; of the long walls between Megara and Nisaea, τὰ Μεγαρικὰ ς. Ar.Lys. 1170; between Corinth and Lechaeum, Str.8.6.22.b side-wall of a temple, SIG 247 K1 iii 3, 11 (Delph., iv B.C.); of other structures, PPetr.3p.88 (iii B.C.), etc.3 tails of a surgical bandage, Heliod. ap. Orib.48.20.5; of the ends of the Persian head-dress, Plu.2.820d. -
20 συνίζω
A sit together, hold a sitting (for the discharge of business), of a court of magistrates, Hdt.6.58.2 fall together, collapse, Hp.Oct.11, Arist.Pr. 868a18, 927b34, Resp. 479b14, Thphr.Sud.25; so εἰς ταὐτὸν ς. Pl.Ti. 72d;τὸν ἄργυρον συνιζῆσαι τακέντα Plu.2.665b
;τὸ συνιζηκὸς τῶν πόρων Gal.10.472
.II causal, make to sink, τὸν πνεύμονα αἴρειν καὶ ς. Arist. Resp. 479a27, cf. 475a8.
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